The research and development team at AMETEK Specialty Metal Products (SMP) — based in Eighty Four, PA, U.S., has taken an interest in the emerging capabilities of plastics. The business has invested time and resources into turning its high-alloy and stainless steel powders into ideal additive or filler materials for use in several applications, including detectable plastic compounds for food and pharmaceutical manufacturing as well as next generation engineered plastics.
As food handling becomes more sophisticated to meet public demand for cleanliness, the additives that go into plastics in these applications must perform at an increasingly higher level. The expectation for plastic additives is that the product will now easily mix and suspend in plastic or epoxy materials used to make final parts or coatings with a negligible defect rate. End parts must be produced in precise colors and grades of plastic to match pre-existing branding, hazard colors, or food safety guidelines while at the same time offering substantially increased properties. For example, detectable blue plastics produced with high levels of metallic additives are now common in food and beverage manufacturing facilities and allow for identification of small plastic pieces.
Brad Richards, Product Manager for AMETEK SMP Eighty Four, explains further: “Bringing our specially tailored stainless steel powders into the mix as detectable additives for plastics offers numerous advantages. Food and beverage contamination are reduced as plastic pieces that can’t be seen or felt within an item are now easily identifiable on X-ray machines or via magnetic detection. This substantially increases quality for manufacturers by providing critical capability to reduce contaminants and adhere to exacting industry regulations around food and beverage quality, safety, and handling.”
These regulations include strict legislation in the U.K., Europe, and the U.S. The U.S. FDA Food Safety Modernization Act (FSMA) and European council regulation EU 10/2011, for example, both require the implementation of controls that prevent plastic contamination of food products. This has led to a host of improved detection technologies with X-ray systems, but also to improvements in the magnetic and X-ray detectability of plastics themselves when compared to food and beverage products. A common application resulting from this legislation is the use of water-atomized stainless steel additives for plastics, as manufactured by AMETEK SMP and described by Richards above, to substantially increase X-ray contrast and allow for easy plastic detection.
Metal additives offer advantages for other engineered plastic parts and polymer compounders as well. These include vibration dampening, which results in a composite material with elasticity, density, and vibration attenuation properties that can all be modified across a broad range. Other combinations of our metal additives can also increase electrical conductivity of the overall material, creating an increase in anti-static or even conductive properties in high loadings.
Including harder metallic particles in materials known as polymer matrix composites leads to a stronger product that offers better wear resistance and an increased useful life.
Richards explains further: “Incorporation of our metal additives also gives an edge to those customers making more technical engineering plastics. Increases in hardness, abrasion, and erosion resistant properties make them highly versatile and suitable for a wide range of applications. We can increase thermal and electrical conductivity and easily modify the density of the material. We can also make plastic parts capable of being heated by induction, which is a unique and sought-after property as it allows for rapid and uniform heating of individual components.”
AMETEK SMP produces metal powders from 300 and 400 series stainless steels in a range of fine (~30 µm) and coarse (~100 µm) sizes as additives and fillers for polymer compounds. Custom alloys and sizes can be tailored to a customer’s exact specifications for varying production needs. Four different grades of AMETEK SMP’s stainless steel powders have become prevalent: 316L, 304L, 430L, and 410L alloys. All have been specifically engineered in precise size ranges to blend best with polymer additives.
Premium quality metal powders have been manufactured by AMETEK SMP for 50 years. Advanced facilities, including high-pressure water atomization technology, enable the business to offer high levels of customization. AMETEK SMP engineers and metallurgists work with customers to consult on product recommendations and material selections. Customers can select the exact alloy, particle size, and shape to ensure a highly precise result to meet the most demanding quality requirements of the food, pharmaceutical, defense and automotive sectors.
AMETEK Specialty Metal Products
www.powderclad.com/applications/metal-powders-as-plastic-additives-for-composites