Editor’s Note from Jason Lomberg: Tatooine, anyone?
When the day ends on planet Kepler-16b there is a double sunset, scientists reported on Thursday in the journal Science.
In a scene reminiscent of science fiction, researchers using observations from NASA’s Kepler spacecraft have detected a distant planet orbiting two waltzing stars, the first time such a phenomenon has been confirmed.
“This is really a stunning measurement by Kepler,” said Alan Boss of the Carnegie Institution for Science, a co-author of the study. “The real exciting thing is there’s a planet sitting out there orbiting around these two stars.”
Binary stars — two suns turning around each other — have been seen before, and astronomers have suspected planets exist around them, but Kepler’s observations are the first to confirm it.
The gravitational pull of two stars, even stars like the relatively small ones at the heart of this stellar system, would be quite different from the gravity exerted by just one star, Boss said by telephone.
Kepler’s mission is to scour our section of the Milky Way galaxy for Earth-like planets in the so-called “habitable zone” that is not too close and not too far away from the stars they orbit.
LIKE LUKE SKYWALKER’S HOME?
The spacecraft does this by finding stars whose light periodically gets dimmer, which means there is an orbiting astronomical body — a planet — passing between the star and Kepler’s instruments. This is known as a planetary transit.
What made this find so eye-popping was that the stars were eclipsing each other as first one and then the other got in the way. And then a third eclipse indicated a planet was part of the system.
If the notion of a planet with two suns seems familiar, it may be because it was displayed in the earliest “Star Wars” film on the fictional planet Tatooine, home of Luke Skywalker.
Tatooine was a rocky, desert planet, but Kepler-16b is a cool gas giant, Boss and other researchers said.
Because both of its suns are smaller and cooler than our sun, Kepler-16b would be quite cold, with a surface temperature of around minus 100 to minus 150 degrees F (minus 73 to minus 101 degrees Celsius), the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics said in a statement. The center’s Josh Carter is co-author of the study.
Kepler-16b is similar to Jupiter in size and mass, a cold gas giant that orbits its two suns every 229 days at a distance of 65 million miles (104.6 million km). That is roughly the same distance as Venus’ orbit, compared to Earth’s 365-day orbit around the sun at a distance of about 93 million miles (149.7 million km).
This newly detected planet is 200 light-years from Earth and is not thought to harbor life. A light-year is about 6 trillion miles (10 trillion km), the distance light travels in a year.
(Reporting by Deborah Zabarenko, Washington; editing by Anthony Boadle)
Filed Under: Aerospace + defense